NgokweNgxelo ka-2019 malunga neMeko yeHlabathi ekhutshwe yiZizwe eziManyeneyo kunye ne-World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), unyaka ka-2019 ibingunyaka wesibini oshushu kakhulu kwirekhodi, kwaye iminyaka eli-10 edlulileyo ibingunyaka oshushu kakhulu kwirekhodi.
Imililo yase-Australia ngo-2019 kunye nobhubhane ngo-2020 zivuse abantu, kwaye masiqale ukucamngca.
Siqala ukuqaphela ukusabela kwechungechunge olubangelwa kukufudumala kwehlabathi, ukunyibilika kweqhwa, imbalela kunye nezikhukula, izisongelo zokusinda kwezilwanyana, kunye nempembelelo kwimpilo yabantu…
Ngoko ke, abathengi abaninzi baqala ukuphonononga indlela yokuphila engenakhabhoni ingako kwaye inobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ukuze banciphise isantya sokufudumala kwehlabathi! Oko kuthetha ukusetyenziswa ngakumbi kweemveliso ezisekelwe kwibhayoloji!
1. Nciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni dayoksayidi kwaye unciphise impembelelo yobushushu
Ukutshintsha iikhemikhali zepetrochemicals zemveli ngeemveliso ezisekelwe kwibhayoloji kunokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni diokside.
Imveliso yeiimveliso ezisekelwe kwibhayolojiikhupha ikharbon dioxide encinci kuneemveliso ezisekelwe kwipetroleum. “Uhlalutyo lweMpembelelo yoQoqosho lwe-US Bio-based Products Industry (2019)” lubonise ukuba, ngokwemodeli ye-EIO-LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), ngo-2017, i-United States ngo-2017 ngenxa yemveliso nokusetyenziswa kweemveliso ezisekelwe kwi-bio ukuze zithathe indawo yeemveliso ezisekelwe kwipetroleum, amafutha efosili Ukusetyenziswa kuncitshiswe ngama-60%, okanye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-12.7 yezigidi zeetoni zegesi ezikhutshwayo ze-CO2-equivalent greenhouse.
Iindlela zokulahla emva kokuphela kwexesha lokusetyenziswa kwemveliso zihlala zikhokelela ekukhutshweni kwekhabhoni diokside, ingakumbi iiplastiki ezisele.
Xa iiplastiki zitsha kwaye ziqhekeka, ikharbon diokside iyakhutshwa. Ikharbon diokside ekhutshwa kukutsha okanye ukubola kweeplastiki ezisekelwe kwibhayoloji ayithathi cala kwikharbon diokside kwaye ayizukunyusa ubungakanani bekharbon diokside emoyeni; ukutsha okanye ukubola kweemveliso ezisekelwe kwipetroliyam kuya kukhupha ikharbon diokside, eyimveliso entle kwaye iya kunyusa inani elipheleleyo lekharbon diokside emoyeni.
Ngoko ke ngokusebenzisa iimveliso ezisekelwe kwi-bio endaweni yeemveliso ezisekelwe kwi-petroleum, i-carbon dioxide esemoyeni iyancitshiswa.
2. Sebenzisa izixhobo ezivuselelekayo kwaye unciphise ukuxhomekeka kwioyile
Ishishini elisekelwe kwi-bio lisebenzisa kakhulu izinto ezivuselelekayo (umz. izityalo, inkunkuma yendalo) ukuvelisa nokutshintsha iimveliso zemveli kusetyenziswa izicatshulwa ze-petrochemical. Xa kuthelekiswa neemveliso ezisekelwe kwi-petroleum, izinto zalo eziluhlaza zinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.
Ngokwengxelo ye-Economic Impact Analysis ye-US Bio-Based Products Industry (2019), i-United States isindise iibhareli zeoyile ezizigidi ezili-9.4 ngokuvelisa iimveliso ezisekelwe kwi-bio. Phakathi kwazo, ukusetyenziswa kweeplastiki ezisekelwe kwi-bio kunye ne-bio kunye nokupakishwa kwehle malunga neebhareli zeoyile ezingama-85,000-113,000.
I-China inomhlaba omkhulu kwaye ityebile kwizityalo. Amandla ophuhliso lweshishini elisekelwe kwi-bio makhulu, ngelixa imithombo yeoyile yelizwe lam imfutshane kakhulu.
Ngowama-2017, isixa-mali sisonke seoyile esichongiweyo kwilizwe lam sasiziitoni eziziibhiliyoni ezi-3.54 kuphela, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kweoyile ekrwada kwilizwe lam ngo-2017 yayiziitoni eziziibhiliyoni ezingama-590.
Ukukhuthaza ukuveliswa nokusetyenziswa kweemveliso ezisekelwe kwizinto eziphilayo kuya kunciphisa kakhulu ukuxhomekeka kwioyile kwaye kunciphise ukukhutshwa kongcoliseko olunamandla olubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kwamandla efosili.
Ukwanda kweshishini elisekelwe kwizinto eziphilayo kunokuhlangabezana neemfuno zophuhliso lwanamhlanje loqoqosho oluluhlaza, olunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo noluzinzileyo.
3. Iimveliso ezisekelwe kwibhayoloji, ezithandwa kakhulu ziingcali zemvelo
Abantu abaninzi ngakumbi balandela ubomi obungenakhabhoni eninzi nobunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, kwaye iimveliso ezisekelwe kwibhayoloji ezisebenzisa izinto ezihlaziyekayo ziya zithandwa ngakumbi ngabathengi.
* Uphononongo lwe-Unilever luka-2017 lubonise ukuba ama-33% abathengi banokukhetha iimpahla eziluncedo kuluntu okanye kokusingqongileyo. Olu phononongo lubuze abantu abadala abangama-2,000 abavela kumazwe amahlanu, kwaye ngaphezulu kwesinye kwisihlanu (21%) sabaphenduli bathi ukuba ukupakishwa kunye nokuthengiswa kwemveliso kubonisiwe ngokucacileyo isatifikethi sayo sozinzo, njengeleyibhile ye-USDA, baya kukhetha iimveliso ezinjalo ngenkuthalo.
*I-Accenture iphande abathengi abangama-6,000 eMntla Melika, eYurophu nase-Asia ngo-Epreli 2019 ukuze iqonde indlela abathenga nabasebenzisa ngayo iimveliso ezipakishwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba ama-72% abaphenduli bathi bathenga iimveliso ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ngakumbi kunakwiminyaka emihlanu eyadlulayo, kwaye ama-81% athi alindele ukuthenga ezi mveliso kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo.ulusu olusekelwe kwibhayoloji, 10%-80%, KUYA KUWE.
4. Isiqinisekiso somxholo osekelwe kwi-bio
Ishishini lehlabathi elisekelwe kwi-bio liye laphuhliswa kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwe-100. Ukuze kukhuthazwe uphuhliso oluqhelekileyo lweshishini elisekelwe kwi-bio, i-ASTM D6866, i-ISO 16620, i-EN 16640 kunye neminye imigangatho yovavanyo iye yasungulwa kwihlabathi liphela, esetyenziswa ngokukodwa ekufumaneni umxholo osekelwe kwi-bio kwiimveliso ezisekelwe kwi-bio.
Ukuze kuncedwe abathengi bafumane iimveliso zebhayoloji zokwenyani nezisemgangathweni ophezulu, ngokusekelwe kwimigangatho emithathu yovavanyo eyamkelweyo kwihlabathi liphela, iileyibhile ze-USDA zebhayoloji eziphambili, i-OK Biobased, i-DIN CERTCO, i-I'm green kunye neeleyibhile zesatifikethi somxholo webhayoloji ze-UL ziye zaqaliswa enye emva kwenye.
Kwixesha elizayo
Kwimeko yokwanda kokunqongophala kwezixhobo zeoyile zehlabathi kunye nokwanda kokufudumala kwehlabathi. Iimveliso ezisekelwe kwi-bio zisekelwe kuphuhliso nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezivuselelekayo, ziphuhlisa "uqoqosho oluluhlaza" oluzinzileyo nolunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, zinciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni dayokhsayidi, zinciphise impembelelo yokufudumala komhlaba, kwaye zithathe indawo yezixhobo zepetrochemical, inyathelo ngenyathelo kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.
Khawucinge ngekamva, isibhakabhaka siseluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ubushushu abusekho phezulu, izikhukula azisekho, konke oku kuqala ngokusetyenziswa kweemveliso ezisekelwe kwibhayoloji!
Ixesha lokuthumela: Feb-19-2022
